Omi, T., & Numano, K. (2014). The Role of the CO2 Laser and Fractional CO2 Laser in Dermatology. Laser therapy, 23(1), 49–60.
https://doi.org/10.5978/islsm.14-RE-01
Ultherapy
This energy-based device uses ultrasonic energy to induce thermal injury into the deeper tissues that aren’t targeted by lasers and radiofrequency devices, sparing the epidermis (upper layer of the skin) with no to minimal downtime. When the tissues are heated focal necrosis and cellular damage result which initiate an inflammatory response leading to tissue remodeling. In other words, collagen is denatured and synthesize. This is an effective procedure especially in rejuvenating the lower face and neck making them appear tighter and lifted.
Georgette Oni, Ron Hoxworth, Sumeet Teotia, Spencer Brown, Jeffrey M. Kenkel, Evaluation of a Microfocused Ultrasound System for Improving Skin Laxity and Tightening in the Lower Face, Aesthetic Surgery Journal, Volume 34, Issue 7, September 2014, Pages 1099–1110, https://doi.org/10.1177/1090820X14541956
Enerjet
This device uses simultaneous delivery of kinetic energy (high pressure jet of air 150 m/sec) and hyaluronic acid within the dermis with minimal epidermal damage. This controlled deep injury results to dermal remodeling. The combined effect of a controlled micro-trauma and the hyaluronic acid induces collagen generation, creating thicker tissue and correcting skin imperfections. It tightens the upper face, smoothens fine lines and wrinkles and improves skin quality. It has minimal downtime, pain and side effects such as post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.
https://www.enerjet-med.com/treatments/kinetic-lift/
Platelet-rich plasma
Platelets found in the bloodstream has a primary purpose to clot blood and promote wound closure by releasing growth factors. These growth factors initiate the healing processes by signaling surrounding cells to differentiate and increase proliferation. Injecting platelet rich plasma in photodamaged or aged skin promotes repair through collagen synthesis and collagenases (enzymes that break peptide bonds in collagen) regulation.
Dhurat, R., & Sukesh, M. (2014). Principles and Methods of Preparation of Platelet-Rich Plasma: A Review and Author’s Perspective. Journal of cutaneous and aesthetic surgery, 7(4), 189–197. https://doi.org/10.4103/0974-2077.150734
IPL(Intense-pulsed light)
A non-ablative photorejuventation modality that improves skin texture, telangiectasias and pimentation. IPL deliver many color wavelengths in each pulse of light, instead of one like in lasers, heating the targeted and the surrounding tissues. Filters are used to refine the energy output for the treatment of certain areas. Though results are not as dramatic as ablative lasers, IPL has minimal downtime.
Hedelund L, Due E, Bjerring P, Wulf HC, Haedersdal M. Skin Rejuvenation Using Intense Pulsed Light: A Randomized Controlled Split-Face Trial With Blinded Response Evaluation. Arch Dermatol. 2006;142(8):985–990. doi:10.1001/archderm.142.8.985
